Common Acid and Bases
Names | Formula |
Acids | |
Hydrofluoric acid | HF |
Hydrochloric acid | HCl |
Hydrobromic acid | HBr |
Hydroiodic Acid | HI |
Hydrogen Sulphide | H2S |
Nitric | HNO3 |
Hypochlorous | HClO |
Chlorous | HClO2 |
Chloric | HClO3 |
Perchloric | HClO4 |
Sulphyric | H2SO4 |
Sulphurous | H2SO3 |
Phosphoric | H2PO4 |
Phosphorous | H2PO5 |
Carbonic | H2CO3 |
Acetic | CH2COOH (C2H3O2) |
Oxalic | HOOC-COOH (C2H2O4) |
Boric | H3BO3 |
Silicic | H2SiO3 |
Bases | |
Sodium Hydroxide | NaOH |
Potassium Hydroxide | KOH |
Ammonium Hydroxide | NH4OH |
Calcium Hydroxide | Ca(OH)2 |
Magnesium Hydroxide | Mg(OH)2 |
Barium Hydroxide | Ba(OH)2 |
Aluminium Hydroxide | Al(OH)3 |
Ferrous Hydroxide | Fe(OH)2 |
Ferric Hydroxide | Fe(OH)3 |
Zinc Hydroxide | Zn(OH)2 |
Lithium Hydroxide | LiOH |
Some simple rules to remember the names of common acids and their salts:
- “-ic” acids form “-ate” salts :- example, Sulphuric acid forms Sulphate salts.
- “-ous” acids form “-ite” salts :- example, Sulphurous Acid forms Sulphite salts.
- “hydro-“ + “ic” acids form “-ide” salts. : – example, hydrochloric acid forms chloride salts.
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