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Plateaus Of India

A plateau is a large flat area of land that is higher than other areas of land that surround it. Some of the major plateaus of India are as follows:

Plateaus

Characteristics

The Marwar Plateau
  • It Is also called Upland of Eastern Rajasthan
  • Lies in the east of Aravali range
  • Made up of sandstone, limestone and shales of the Vindhayan period.
  • Banas River flows through it.
The Central Highland
  • Also called the Madhya Bharat Pathar
  • Lies in the east of Marwar uplands
  • Basin of Chambal River.
  • Made up of sandstone. To the north are the ravines or badlands of Chambal River.
The Bundelkhand Upland
  • Covers 5 districts of Uttar Pradesh and 4 districts of Madhya Pradesh.
  • It is an old desiccated upland of “Bundelkhand gneiss” comprising of granite and gneiss.
  • Made of granite and sandstone.
The Malwa Plateau
  • Triangular plateau bounded by Aravali range, Vindhya hills and Buldelkhand uplands.
  • Two distinct drainage system- towards Arabian sea (Narmada, Tapi and Mahi) and the other towards Bay of Bengal (Chambal and Betwa joining Yamuna)
  • Composed of extensive lava flow and black soil.
The Baghelkand
  • Located on the east of Maikal range.
  • Bounded on the north by river Son and in the south are the valleys of sandstone and limestone.
  • Made up limestone and sandstone on the west and granite in the east.
The Chotanagpur Plateau
  • East of Baghelkhand plateau.
  • It is the north eastern projection of Indian peninsula.
  • Composed of Gondwana rocks and patches of Deccan lava and gneisses.
  • Rivers: Damodar, Barakar, Koel, Subarnarekha.
The Meghalaya Plateau
  • Separated from the main block of peninsular India by the Garo-Rajmahal gap. (the gap had been filled by the alluvium of river Ganga)
  • The plateau slopes to Brahmaputra valley in the north and to Meghna and Surma valley in the south. To the east it is bounded by the Garo hills, Khasi-Jaintia hills and Mikir hills.
The Deccan Plateau
  • Bounded by satpura –Vindhya in the north west, Mahadev-Maikal in the north, Western ghat in the west and eastern ghats in the east.
  • Rivers: Krishna, Cauvery, Godavari and Mahanadi
  • Divided into smaller plateaus:

           Maharashtra Plateau
           Karnataka plateau
           Telangana Plateau

The Chhattisgarh Plain
  • Saucer shaped depression drained by the upper basin of the Mahanadi
  • The whole basin lies between the Maikala Range and the Orissa hills
  • Beds of limestone and shales deposited during the Cuddapah age.

You may also like to read about Deserts

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